01、原文解析-词汇语法学习
第三段
①Around the world, many climate proposals have failed in recent years because of a perception by voters and others that cuts in carbon use would not be balanced by economic justice. ②Last year, for example, French President Emmanuel Macron had to retreat from a proposed hike in fuel taxes in the face of a “Yellow Vest” protest movement among rural commuters. ③In announcing the Green Deal, Ms. von der Leyen tried to head off any perception of unfairness by promising to “protect those who risk being hit harder by such change.”
近年来，世界各地许多气候提案都以失败告终，原因是选民和其他人都认为经济公正与碳使用削减难以达到平衡。比如，去年，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙面对农村通勤者发起的“黄色背心”抗议活动，不得不放弃上调燃油税的计划。宣布“绿色协议”时，冯·德·莱恩女士试图通过承诺“保护那些因此项环保协议带来的改变而有遭受重击风险的人”，来避免产生任何不公平的感觉。
01 / 词汇精解
proposal [prəˈpoʊzl] n. 提案动词形式为propose，意为“提出建议”。perception [pərˈsepʃn] n. 看法，见解动词形式为perceive，意为“认为”。 【试题】Look for cues about how others perceive you.(寻找有关别人如何看待你的线索。)voter [ˈvoʊtər] n. 选民justice [ˈdʒʌstɪs] n. 公平合理hike [haɪk] n. (价格、花费等的)大幅度提高rural [ˈrʊrəl] adj. 乡村的commuter [kəˈmjuːtər] n. 通勤者，经常乘公共车辆往返者announce [əˈnaʊns] v. 宣布，宣告(决定、计划等)unfairness [ˌʌnˈfernəs] n. 不公平构词法：由un-(否定前缀)+fair(公平的)+-ness(名词后缀)构成。hit [hɪt] v. 产生不良影响，打击hit作动词，还有“达到(某一点)”之意。
02 / 常用搭配
retreat from(由于受批评或遇到极大困难)改变主意，退缩fuel tax 燃油税in the face of 面对……protest movement 抗议活动head off 阻止，防止(某事发生)
03 / 长难句分析
In announcing the Green Deal, Ms. von der Leyen tried to head off any perception of unfairness //by promising to “protect those //who risk being hit harder by such change.”
主干：Ms. von der Leyen tried to head off any perception of unfairness。
修饰成分：In announcing the Green Deal作状语。by promising … change是方式状语，其中，who risk … such change为定语从句，修饰those。
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