英语阅读测试题第二套·题目

一级结构：Cloze Test

一级结构说明：请选出正确答案（共20题，每题2分）

材料：

第1段：When it comes to how much money an individual earns, there may be an optimal amount that will make you happy, according to new research. While money doesn’t (1) buy a fulfilling life, income is known to be associated with happiness, and having too little or indeed too much can affect emotional and psychological well-being in a (2) way.

第2段：“That might be surprising as what we see on TV and what advertisers tell us we need would indicate that there is no (3) when it comes to how much money is needed for happiness, (4) we now see there are some (5) ,” said Andrew T. Jebb, lead author of the study from Purdue University. It has been found that the ideal income (6) is $95,000 for life satisfaction and $60,000 to $75,000 for emotional well-being. Again, this amount is for individuals and would (7) be higher for families.

第3段：To arrive at their findings, the researchers studied data from the Gallup World Poll which asks participants about life satisfaction and well-being. Using this information, they created optimal earnings estimates for regions around the world, finding there was substantial (8)—perhaps because evaluations are influenced by the standards by which individuals (9) themselves with others. For example, the (10) amount of earnings for overall life satisfaction (11) to be higher in wealthier regions and lower in less (12) areas. The optimal amounts for simply (13) emotional well-being tended to be much lower across the board.

第4段：The study, which was published in the journal Nature Human Behaviour, suggests that (14) a certain threshold is reached, further increases in income are actually associated (15) reduced life satisfaction and (16) levels of well-being. The researchers speculate that while money was important for meeting basic (17), purchasing conveniences and other useful things, after the optimal point, people may become fixated on (18) further material gains and engaging in social comparisons—which can (19) well-being.

第5段：“These findings speak to a broader issue of money and happiness (20) cultures. Money is only a part of what really makes us happy, and we’re learning more about the limits of money,” Jebb concluded.##

题干：1.[单选题] 选项： A. necessarily   B. occasionally  C. statistically  D. economically

题干：2.[单选题] 选项： A. moderate  B. influential   C. negative   D. inverse

题干：3.[单选题] 选项： A. cover   B. ceiling   C. entrance   D. root

题干：4.[单选题] 选项： A. since  B. or  C. so  D. but

题干：5.[单选题] 选项： A. boundaries  B. lines  C. thresholds  D. approaches

题干：6.[单选题] 选项： A. way  B. site  C. point  D. place

题干：7.[单选题] 选项：A. likely  B. eventually  C. conversely  D. gradually

题干：8.[单选题] 选项： A. complication  B. conservation  C. consideration  D. variation

题干：9.[单选题] 选项： A. settle  B. combine  C. compare  D. associate

题干：10.[单选题] 选项： A. protective  B. ideal  C. dangerous  D. troublesome

题干：11.[单选题] 选项： A. failed  B. tended  C. expected  D. happened 

题干：12.[单选题] 选项： A. affluent  B. educated  C. prominent  D. commercial

题干：13.[单选题] 选项： A. constituting   B. enhancing  C. achieving  D. addressing

题干：14.[单选题] 选项： A. if  B. while  C. unless  D. once

题干：15.[单选题] 选项： A. by  B. for  C. on  D. with

题干：16.[单选题] 选项： A. lower  B. higher  C. certain  D. various 

题干：17.[单选题] 选项： A. standards  B. needs  C. rights  D. requirements 

题干：18.[单选题] 选项： A. anticipating  B. pursuing  C. spreading  D. saving

题干：19.[单选题] 选项： A. decrease  B. promote  C. maintain  D. affect 

题干：20.[单选题] 选项： A. as  B. beyond  C. between  D. across

一级结构：Reading Comprehension

一级结构说明：请选出正确答案（共10题，每题6分）

材料：Text 1

第1段：For a long time, working in Big Tech was the dream for many young people. But is its status starting to change? Big Tech might be concerned about government fines and PR emergencies, but its biggest problem could be failing to recruit and keep talented staff.

第2段：Sarah Drinkwater, a former senior Google staffer says that revelations about the role of some tech companies during the Brexit vote and US election “presented so many interesting problems. Misinformation. Bias. Inequality. Tech workers are seeing the connection between all these things and wanting to do something about them.” Do the tech groups need to worry? “Previously, if you wanted to work in a digital company, especially a global organisation, there were only a handful available. But now there are many, including Spotify, or Monzo,” says Ms Drinkwater.

第3段：While tech is still lucrative the distorting impact of tech companies on the cost of living in their stronghold cities increasingly cancels out much of the benefit. “The money could never have been enough,” says Edward Vince, recently appointed Airbnb’s creative director for Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Mr Vince also struggled with the culture. “You have this whole idea that you’re being hired for who you are as a person. But you quickly realise that was all just a nice-to-have. They hire all these amazing creatives from around the world to bring different and diverse perspectives, and then immediately just want you to fit in.”

第4段：There is a bigger trend. In May 2019, Doteveryone, a think-tank for responsible tech, released an in-depth research into the attitudes of people who design and build digital technologies in the UK. It found that more than a quarter of UK tech workers have seen decisions made about a technology that they felt could have negative consequences for people or society. Nearly one in five of those went on to leave their companies as a result. The survey found that tech workers want more time and resources to think about the impact of their products.

第5段：Ms Drinkwater believes that employees could be a key force in making much-needed changes at Big Tech companies. Experts in specialist areas of tech, AI and data have a unique vantage point that public policymakers might not. And empowering them in what she calls “positive dissent” could be the way to keep them.

第6段：Does Ms Drinkwater think Big Tech is evil? “I worked on Google Maps and am still very proud of this. No one can deny the utility of Uber. I believe there’s a way. One where tech can be responsible and a force for good”, she said.

题干：21. [单选题] The biggest concern for Big Tech is ______.

选项：A. government relationship

B. emergency management

C. recruitment costs

D. the brain drain

题干：22. [单选题] “Wanting to do something” (Para.2) probably means that tech workers will ______.

选项：A. expose misinformation

B. explore interesting topics

C. participate in Brexit vote

D. hand in their resignation

题干：23. [单选题] According to Paragraph 3, Edward Vince was troubled by       .

选项：A. the decline of salary

B. conflicting perspectives

C. depressing corporate culture

D. competition from colleagues

题干：24. [单选题] Doteveryone’s research highlights ______.

选项：A. the bottleneck for scientific research

B. tech workers’ social consciences 

C. UK’s employment environment

D. slow turnover of tech companies

题干：25. [单选题] Which of the following is the best title for this text?

选项：A. Big Tech: May be Losing its Attraction for Talented Staff

B. Tech Workers: Power, Responsibility and Ethical Anxiety 

C. Digital Technologies: Bumpy is the Road, Bright is the Future

D. Tech Groups: Correct Societal Downsides of Technology###

材料：Text 2

第1段：Youth club closures are putting young people at greater risk of violence, according to a committee of MPs. Matthew Weaver, a manager from a consulting company, has found that English councils have slashed funding on youth services by 40% on average in the last three years.

第2段：After a bank holiday weekend which began with news of the fatal stabbing of 15-year-old Tashaun Aird and continued with the killing of an unnamed 18-year-old in south London (the 28th knife fatality in the capital this year), the all-party parliamentary group on knife crime revealed new data from more than 100 councils showing cuts to youth services of up to 91%. It claimed that areas which had suffered the largest cuts to spending on young people had seen bigger increases in knife crime.

第3段：Sarah Jones, MP for Croydon Central and chair of the committee, said: “Our figures show how in areas where support for young people has been cut most, they are more at risk of violence. Youth services cannot be a ‘nice to have’. Our children’s safety must be our number one priority.”

第4段：Cambridgeshire said it had moved away from providing youth clubs, which are open access, and instead provided “targeted and focused service” for the most vulnerable and most at risk children and young people, as well as parenting programmes and support for families. It said the level of support for young people most in need had not changed.

第5段：In March, the Guardian reported from one youth club in Acton, west London, as it was halved in size, raising concerns it would diminish its ability to prevent violence. Those fears increased last month, when two boys who attended the club were injured in knife fights.

第6段：The MPs are calling for the government to review youth funding cuts and consider setting a legal requirement for councils to provide youth services. The government defended its policy citing changes to the drug market as one cause of increased stabbings.

第7段：“Our serious violence strategy places a greater emphasis on early intervention to steer young people away from violent crime by offering positive choices, alongside equipping police with the powers and resource they need to keep communities safe from this threat,” Robert Booth, one of the MPs said. “We are putting more than £200m into community projects and are consulting on a vital public health duty which will see public bodies work together more effectively to prevent serious violence.”

第8段： Last month the prime minister hosted a summit on youth violence and the home secretary, Sajid Javid, launched a consultation on a legal duty to ensure public bodies, including hospitals, raise concerns about children at risk of becoming involved in knife crime. The idea has been criticised as “dragnet surveillance” by the civil rights campaign group Liberty, and teachers unions and NHS staff have raised concerns.

第9段： Javed Khan, chief executive of Barnardo’s, a children’s charity, said the figures were “alarming but sadly unsurprising”. “Taking away youth workers and safe spaces in the community contributes to a ‘poverty of hope’ among young people who see little or no chance of a positive future,” he said, as he called for the government to work with local authorities to “restore children’s sense of hope”.

题干：26. [单选题] Matthew Weaver______. 

选项：A. held that children’s safety must be the number one priority.

B. believed that public bodies should raise concerns about children who may be involved in knife crime.

C. claimed that areas which had cut more spending on young people had seen bigger increases in knife crime.

D. called for the government to work with local authorities to restore children’s sense of hope.

E. found that in the last three years English councils have slashed funding on youth services.

F. said that more funds and consultation will see public bodies work together more effectively.

G. said that the level of support for young people most in need had not changed.

题干：27. [单选题] Sarah Jones ______.

选项：A. held that children’s safety must be the number one priority.

B. believed that public bodies should raise concerns about children who may be involved in knife crime.

C. claimed that areas which had cut more spending on young people had seen bigger increases in knife crime.

D. called for the government to work with local authorities to restore children’s sense of hope.

E. found that in the last three years English councils have slashed funding on youth services.

F. said that more funds and consultation will see public bodies work together more effectively.

G. said that the level of support for young people most in need had not changed.

题干：28. [单选题] Robert Booth ______.

选项：A. held that children’s safety must be the number one priority.

B. believed that public bodies should raise concerns about children who may be involved in knife crime.

C. claimed that areas which had cut more spending on young people had seen bigger increases in knife crime.

D. called for the government to work with local authorities to restore children’s sense of hope.

E. found that in the last three years English councils have slashed funding on youth services.

F. said that more funds and consultation will see public bodies work together more effectively.

G. said that the level of support for young people most in need had not changed.

题干：29. [单选题] Sajid Javid ______.

选项：A. held that children’s safety must be the number one priority.

B. believed that public bodies should raise concerns about children who may be involved in knife crime.

C. claimed that areas which had cut more spending on young people had seen bigger increases in knife crime.

D. called for the government to work with local authorities to restore children’s sense of hope.

E. found that in the last three years English councils have slashed funding on youth services.

F. said that more funds and consultation will see public bodies work together more effectively.

G. said that the level of support for young people most in need had not changed.

题干：30. [单选题] Javed Khan ______.

选项：A. held that children’s safety must be the number one priority.

B. believed that public bodies should raise concerns about children who may be involved in knife crime.

C. claimed that areas which had cut more spending on young people had seen bigger increases in knife crime.

D. called for the government to work with local authorities to restore children’s sense of hope.

E. found that in the last three years English councils have slashed funding on youth services.

F. said that more funds and consultation will see public bodies work together more effectively.

G. said that the level of support for young people most in need had not changed.##