In the last three months alone, over 1,000 books on happiness were released on Amazon, including Happy Money, Happy-People-Pills For All, and, for those just starting out, Happiness for Beginners.
1. 位于句首,有一个in引导的介词短语做状语用来修饰整个句子;
2. on happiness位于bookd后,做后置定语修饰books,在理解的时候需要前置在被修饰对象之前,译为超过1000本关于开心的书籍;
3. Including短语一直到句末结束用来举例说明和开心相关的书的书名,并且由and连接形成一个并列结构,并列结构内部插入一个for those just starting out的介词短语用来修饰最后一本书
4. 单单在过去的三个月中,超过1000本关于开心的书在亚马逊上被发布,它包括《Happy Money》,《Happy-People-Pills For All》以及,对于刚刚开始着手看书的人来说-《Happiness for Beginners》。
Many studies have noted the connection between a happy mind and a healthy body - the happier you are, the better health outcomes we seem to have.
1. 句中出现了一个破折号,通常用来对前面的句子进行解释说明;破折号后面的内容出现了比较级以一个倒装的形式出现
2. the connection between A and B:A和B之间的联系
3. 许多研究都发现快乐头脑和健康的身体之间的联系—你越开心,就月倾向于拥有更好的健康结果。
But the researchers, who looked at a large sample of people over a month-long period, found that happiness is associated with selfish “taking” behavior and that having a sense of meaning in life is associated with selfless “giving” behavior. 本句主干的谓语动词为found,主语按照谓语动词前,从前往后找可以作主语的形式的方法可以找到主语为the researchers。主谓之间由逗号隔开的who引导的从句为定语从句,用来修饰主语。但是在理解的时候,由于定于部分较长,不适合前置,顺译即可;
1.2. found后跟着一个由that引导的从句,根据其所在位置课判断为宾语从句,且后面有and说明有并列,根据并列前后成分相同结构相可以判断得出后面为两个宾语从句的并列;
3. 但是研究人员在一个月的时间中观察了大量的人口样本,发现了开心是和自私的索取行为相关,以及生活的意义是和无私的奉献行为相关。
After noting the sense of meaning and happiness that each subject had, Fredrickson and Cole, with their research colleagues, looked at the ways certain genes expressed themselves in each of the participants.
1. 位于句首有一个由after引导的短语做状语修饰整个句子,短语内部有一个that引导的定语从句修饰前面的the sense of meaning and happiness。with介词短语做伴随状语,可以理解为和前面Fredrickson and Cole的并列;
2. looked at为整个句子主干的谓语动词,后面还出现了另外一个谓语动词expressed,根据一个句子只能由一组谓语动词的原则,此句出现了从句省略从属连词的现象,应该在ways和certain genes之间加上一个that,根据语法原则,此句为同位语从句用来对前面的ways进行解释说明,理解时可以置于ways 之前;
3. in each of the participants为介词短语做状语用来修饰前面的动词expressed,理解时可以置于谓语动词前翻译;
4. 在强调了每一个研究对象拥有的意义感和快乐之后,弗莱德瑞克逊和科尔以及他们的研究同事,调查了特定的基因在每一个参与者身上的表现方式。